Folja ta’ Formoli ta’ Fiżika
Kull formula ta’ fiżika użata f’OpenLab Science, imqassma b’suġġett, bl-unità SI ta’ kull riżultat. Kull formula tidher ukoll ħajja — b’kull simbolu mkejjel u ssostitwit — ġewwa s-simulazzjoni rilevanti.
Ċinematika
v = √(vx² + vy²)— m/sa = √(ax² + ay²)— m/s²
Enerġija
KE = ½·m·v²— JPE = m·g·h— JE = KE + PE + PE_spring— J
Momentum
p = m·v— kg·m/s
It-Tieni Liġi ta’ Newton
F = m·a— Nf_k = μ_k·m·g·cos θ— Na = |m₂ − m₁|·g / (m₁ + m₂)— m/s²
Moto Rotazzjonali
ω (rad/s)— rad/sτ = r × F— N·m
Flujdi
F_b = ρ·V·g— NP = ρ·g·h— PaA₁·v₁ = A₂·v₂— m/sP₁ + ½ρv₁² = P₂ + ½ρv₂²— Pa
Moto Ċirkolari
F = m·v² / r— N
Gravità
PE = −m·GM / r— Jv = √(GM / r)— m/sv_esc = √(2GM / r)— m/sT² / r³ = 4π² / GM— s²/m³
Ħidma u Poder
W = ΔKE— JP = F·v— W
Oxxillazzjoni
T = 2π·√(L / g)— sT = 2π·√(m / k)— s
Il-Liġi ta’ Ohm
V = I·R— V
Qawwa Elettrika
P = V·I— WP = I²·R— WP = V²/R— W
Sorsi
V_terminal = ε − I·r— V
Użu ta’ l-enerġija
E = P·t— J
Transitorju
τ = R·C— sQ = C·V— CE = ½·C·V²— Jf = 1 − e^(−t/τ)τ = L/R— sE = ½·L·I²— Jf₀ = 1 / (2π·√(L·C))— Hzω₀ = 1 / √(L·C)— rad/sζ = (R/2)·√(C/L)
Ekwazzjoni tal-Lentija u tas-Speċċu
dᵢ = dₒ·f/(dₒ − f)— cmm = −dᵢ/dₒM = m₁·m₂·…
Rifrazzjoni
n₁·sinθ₁ = n₂·sinθ₂— °θc = arcsin(n₂/n₁)— °δ = θ₁ + θ₄ − A— °n = sin((A+δmin)/2) / sin(A/2)
Qawwa Ottika
P = 1/f— D1/f = (n−1)(1/R₁ − 1/R₂)— cmP = 1/f (corrective)— D
Interferenza u Diffrazzjoni
Δy = λL/d— mma·sinθ = mλ— °d·sinθ = mλ— °2nt = (m+½)λ
Ingrandiment Angolari
M = N/fM = −f_o/f_eM = −(L/f_o)(N/f_e)
Polarizzazzjoni
I = I₀·cos²θθ_B = arctan(n₂/n₁)— °
Il-Liġi tal-Gaż Ideali
P = n·R·T / V— kPa
Teorija Ċinetika
KE_avg = 3/2·kB·T— zJP = n·M·v_rms² / (3·V)— kPav_rms = √(3·R·T / M)— m/sU = f/2·n·R·T— J
L-Ewwel Liġi
ΔU = Q − W— J
Proċessi tal-Gass
W = Σ ∫P dV— JW = P·ΔV— J
Entropija
ΔS = Q/T— J/KΔS = Qout/Tc − Qin/Th— J/K
Kalorimetrija
Q = m·c·ΔT— JT_eq = Σ mᵢcᵢTᵢ / Σ mᵢcᵢ— K
Bidla ta’ Fażi
Q = m·L— J
Konduzzjoni tas-Sħana
Q/t = k·A·ΔT / L— W
Magni tas-Sħana
η = W / Qinη_c = 1 − Tc / ThCOP = Tc / (Th − Tc)COP_cool = Q_in / |W|COP_heat = Q_out / |W|
Espansjoni Termika
ΔL = α·L·ΔT— m
Radjazzjoni Termika
P = ε·σ·A·T⁴— Wλ_max = b / T— nm
Kapaċitajiet tas-Sħana
Cv = f/2·R— J/(mol·K)Cp = (f+2)/2·R— J/(mol·K)Cp − Cv = R— J/(mol·K)γ = (f+2)/f
Moto tal-Mewġ
v = f·λ— m/sv = √(T/μ)— m/sT = 1/f— s
Superpożizzjoni
f_beat = |f₁ − f₂|— Hzf_c = (f₁ + f₂)/2— Hz
Mewġ Stabbli
f₁ = v/(2L)— Hzfₙ = n·f₁— Hzf₁ = c/(2L)— Hz
Ħsejjes
c = 331.3·√(1 + T/273.15)— m/sI = P/(4πr²)— W/m²L = 10·log₁₀(I/I₀)— dBf′ = f·(c + v_o)/(c − v_s)— Hz
Effett Fotoelettriku
E = hc/λ— eVK_max = E − φ— eVV_stop = K_max/e— V
It-Tferrax ta’ Compton
Δλ = λ_C(1 − cos θ)— pm
Mudell ta’ Bohr
ΔE = |E_f − E_i|— eVλ = hc/ΔE— nm
Radjattività
A = λN— BqN(t) = N₀ e^(−λt)T½ = ln(2)/λ— sB = Δmc²— MeV
Mewġ tal-Materja
λ = h/p— pm
Prinċipju ta’ l-Inċertezza
Δx·Δp ≥ ℏ/2
law.special-relativity
γ = 1/√(1 − β²)Δt = γ Δt₀— sL = L₀/γ— mm = γ m₀— kgK = (γ − 1) m₀ c²— eVK = ½ m₀ v²— eV
Elettrostatika
F_E = q·E— NV = k·q/r— VE = k·q/r²— N/C
Kapaċitanza
C = ε₀A/d— µFC = 4πε₀R— pFU = ½CV²— J
Manjetiżmu
F_B = q·v×B— NΦ = B·A— mWbB = μ₀(N/L)I— TB = μ₀I/(2πr)— T
Iftaħ kull esperiment biex tara dawn il-formoli jaħdmu fuq tkejjel ħajjin, b’kull simbolu definit u ssostitwit pass pass.